WHO DID THE INOTED STATES BOMB SKIN
It is believed to be transmitted by close contact with sick people, with extra caution for those individuals with lesions on their skin or genitals, along with their bedding and clothing. Transmission Ī large portion of those infected were believed to have not recently traveled to areas of Africa where monkeypox is normally found, such as Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo as well as central and western Africa. Some monitors saw community transmission taking place in the London area as of mid-May, but it has been suggested that cases were already spreading in Europe in the previous months. The origin of several of the cases of monkeypox in the United Kingdom is unknown. The resident returned to the United Kingdom on May 4, creating the country's index case of the outbreak. Īn ongoing outbreak of monkeypox was confirmed on May 6, 2022, beginning with a British resident who, after travelling to Nigeria (where the disease is endemic), presented symptoms consistent with monkeypox on April 29, 2022. Estimates of the risk of death vary from 1% to 10%, although few deaths as a consequence of monkeypox have been recorded since 2017. The illness is usually mild and most of those infected will recover within a few weeks without treatment. Antiviral drugs, cidofovir and tecovirimat, vaccinia immune globulin and the smallpox vaccine may be used during outbreaks. Other measures include regular hand washing and avoiding sick people and animals. A newer smallpox and monkeypox vaccine based on modified vaccinia Ankara has been approved, but with limited availability. A study in 1988 found that the smallpox vaccine was around 85% protective in preventing infection in close contacts and in lessening the severity of the disease. Diagnosis can be confirmed by testing a lesion for the virus's DNA. People can spread the virus from the onset of symptoms until all the lesions have scabbed and fallen off with some evidence of spread for more than a week after lesions have crusted. Human-to-human transmission can occur through exposure to infected body fluids or contaminated objects, by small droplets, and possibly through the airborne route. It may spread from infected animals by handling infected meat or via bites or scratches. Of the two types in humans, clade II (formerly West African clade) causes a less severe disease than the Central African (Congo basin) type. The variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox, is also in this genus. The disease is caused by the monkeypox virus, a zoonotic virus in the genus Orthopoxvirus. Cases may be severe, especially in children, pregnant women or people with suppressed immune systems. The classic presentation of fever and muscle pains, followed by swollen glands, with lesions all at the same stage, has not been found to be common to all outbreaks. There may be mild symptoms, and it may occur without any symptoms being known. The duration of symptoms is typically two to four weeks. The time from exposure to onset of symptoms ranges from five to twenty-one days. Symptoms include fever, swollen lymph nodes, and a rash that forms blisters and then crusts over. Monkeypox is an infectious viral disease that can occur in humans and some other animals.
On August 30, 2022, the first monkeypox death in the United States was reported. Wyoming was the last and most recent state in the United States to report at least one monkeypox case. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention declared monkeypox a public health emergency in the United States. California has the highest number of monkeypox cases in the United States. The United States has the highest number of monkeypox cases in the world. As of August 22, monkeypox has spread to all 50 states in the United States, as well as Washington, D.C., and Puerto Rico. The first case was documented in Boston, Massachusetts, on May 19, 2022. The United States was the fourth country, outside of the African countries with endemic monkeypox, to experience an outbreak in 2022.
The 2022 monkeypox outbreak in the United States is part of the larger outbreak of human monkeypox caused by the West African clade of the monkeypox virus.